- Chapter Seven`

Not Understanding the Nature of Coin and Credit is the Root of All Economic Ignorance & Decline.

MONEY`

by Johnny Liberty`

Dedicated to the thousands of pioneers` who came before and contributed to the research` and creation of this handbook.

Gold and Silver Money`

“All the perplexities, confusion and distress` in America arise not from defects` in their Constitution or Confederation,` nor from want of honor or virtue,` so much as downright ignorance of the` nature of coin, credit, and circulation.”

— John Adams`

We the People are more crazy about “money” than any other` area of our lives. Whether you have a lot or a little, work` hard for it, live off trust funds or collect welfare, inherit it or` win the lottery, there are so many basic survival, fear and` success issues linked up with “money,” its acquisition and` spending, that we rarely have the time to step back from the` insanity and ask the hard questions.

What is real “money”? Who controls it? How is it made?

Where does it come from? How does the economic system` really work? Why are so many people and businesses going` bankrupt?

Money, is it worth living and dying for, stealing and killing` for? Why is it so glorified as an object of ones attention? Is` there a better alternative? How can I let money reflect my` values? How can I serve the greater community as well as` work doing what I love?

“When it is a question of money,` everyone is of the same religion”

— Voltaire`

Until 1500 BC, all “money” was alive— cattle, lambs, goats or` pigs. Bankers financed the great trading ships on long sea` voyages from port to port. While onboard, the cattle had` calves or “kind,” which had been agreed belonged to the` banker. This was where the concept of charging “interest”  arose. The concept of “interest” though depletes the lifesupport` equity of both depositors and borrowers and` ultimately transfers equity and control to the banker.1` The Phoenicians, who were a sophisticated ancient` civilization, invented metal money in the shape of a pair of` bullhorns.

Because coinage was simpler to transport than cattle, it` gained popular usage internationally as a commodity and` precious metal. Gold and silver have also retained a steady` value relative to purchasing power over time. An ounce of` gold today has the same buying power as in ancient Greece.

Money is not an invention of the state. “Certain commodities` become money quite naturally, as the result of economic` relationships... independent of the power of the state.”

Though many different commodities have been used as` money over the centuries, “...gold and silver have emerged` as money in the free competition of the market.” 2`

> “MONEY” (Ø)— in the ordinary connotation it` means coins and paper currency used as a` circulating medium of exchange; does not include` notes, bonds, evidences of debt, or other private` property or real estate.3`

> MONEY ($)— tangible metallic substance with` intrinsic and stable-store of value, distinguished` from paper currency, checks and drafts.

Money is not wealth, but a tool. The true source of wealth of` a nation lies with the skills of the people and what they are` capable of producing.

True economies are created from the production of goods` and services.

Wealth is land and tangible assets. Wealth consists of tools,` materials, equipment, and profit-generating assets. Wealth` is bought with money. Wealth is also acquired by force and` theft, by sovereign grants and deeds or by other` unscrupulous means.

“To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof,` and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of` Weights and Measures...”

— Constitution for the usA [1:8:5]`

“No State shall...make any Thing but gold and` silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts...”

— Constitution for the usA [1:10:1]`

What is a “Dollar?” A Dollar is a measure of weight defined` by the Coinage Act of 1792 (first gold coin in America) and` 1900 which is still in effect today.

A “Dollar” specifies a certain quantity of gold or silver. The` relative value of silver is tied to gold. In 1995, a Dollar is still` 371.25 grains of silver in a 480 grain coin (one ounce).4`

ONE TRUE DOLLAR` = 1/20th OUNCE OF GOLD` = .999 TROY OUNCE OF SILVER`

As originally defined, a Dollar = 1/20th of an ounce of gold` “money” (until it was devalued by the Gold Reserve Act of` 1934 to 1/35th of an ounce), or .999 troy ounce of silver` “money.” Gold and silver was decided to be coined as money` by the Constitution. The founding fathers of the united` states decided that only gold or silver coins can be “money”  in America.

Real Money = Gold / Silver` The power to coin real “money” in the united states of` America has been relegated to the U.S. Congress and none` other. We the People gave no lawful or constitutional` authority to the U.S. Congress to operate or delegate private` banking neither in the “Republic,” nor in the “Democracy.”

Until 1913, We the People were our own bankers. We` created wealth directly from the earth.

We mined for the gold and silver and brought it to the U.S. government to mint into coinage. The U.S. government in` turn kept 10% of the gold and silver as an excise tax to cover` the cost of minting.

Before 1968, dimes and quarters were still coined in silver` and spent into circulation. Pennies, nickels, dimes, quarters,` half-dollars and Susan B. Anthony dollars are still spent into` circulation (although they have no gold or silver in them),` while all the money substitutes and paper currency (except` U.S. Notes) are loaned into circulation.

“The importance of an honest, stable, gold money` supply is to ensure that relative scarcity, demand` and production efficiency of goods and services` are accurately represented through their actual` market prices. Prices are information.”

— Boston T. Party5`

Paper Money Substitutes or Federal Reserve` Notes (FRN’s)`

Since gold and silver coinage were heavy and inconvenient` for a lot of transactions, the money was stored in safes in` warehouse banks in lots of the old buildings.

A warehouse receipt or certificate was issued as a money` substitute to represent the gold or silver on deposit.

People traded their warehouse receipts as money, or` “currency.” They were akin to the gold and silver certificates` that were once redeemable.

The paper currency we presently use is NOT money, but a` “money substitute.” Redeemable warehouse receipts or` gold/silver certificates MUST promise to pay a dollar ($)` equivalent in gold or silver money.

Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs) make NO such promises, and` are NOT “money” by any stretch of the imagination.

They are “corporation notes of undetermined value,”  banker’s scrip, or barter paper.

An FRN is a debt obligation of the federal United States` government, a promissory note, a promise to “pay” the` Federal Reserve Bank (in gold and silver) at an undisclosed` time in the future. FRN’s are not “money.” 6 FRN’s are not` lawful, constitutional money ($), but a fiat paper currency` (Ø), legal tender or a money substitute. FRN’s are not` federal because the Federal Reserve Bank is a privately` owned corporation.

There is no gold or silver, not even paper currency, held in` reserve, and they are not a “note” because they cannot fulfill` an unconditional promise to “pay” real money to the holder.

A “Note” must contain the unconditional promise to “Pay to` the Bearer on Demand.”

> NOTE— an instrument containing an express and` absolute promise of signer to pay to a specified` person or order, or bearer, a definite sum of` “money” at a specified time; an instrument that is a` promise to pay other than a certificate of deposit. 7`

FRN’s are “fraud reserve notes,” the commercial lien of a` private corporation (i.e., commercial paper), a negotiable` instrument and counterfeit security of the Federal Reserve` Banking system.

FRNs are unsigned checks written on a closed account of the` U.S. government (closed since the bankruptcy of 1933).

Money Substitute = FRNs = Ø`

It’s essential that we comprehend the distinction between` real “money” being tangible wealth and substance, and a` paper money substitute representing a debt.

You cannot get rich, generate wealth or become economically` sovereign by accumulating money substitutes alone,` anymore than you can get rich accumulating monopoly` money.

You will only get deeper into debt, and ultimately bank-rupt` yourself if you do not understand these distinctions.

You can though acquire these debt instruments and convert` them into tangible substance, real money, property and` wealth, providing you structure your legal sovereignty as` well.

For when we acquire property with FRN’s, we’re not` acquiring it with real “money.”

We’re not really buying it, thus it’s not our property if we’re` still in the jurisdiction of the federal United States` government corporation. Thus our property and FRN’s can` be taken away by the lawful owner and trustee at their` pleasure and discretion.

We the People do not have any real “money ($),” nor are we` buying or exchanging goods and services with real` “money($),” nor are we accumulating wealth or assets.

Those who have acquired lots of FRN’s in the bank have` simply accumulated control and power over banker-created` credit systems. Their assets are at risk if they do not` understand the nature of money and who really owns and` controls the property. It is NOT true wealth and sovereignty.

Bill Gates may be the “richest” man in America according to` Fortune 500, but he is rich valued in FRN’s, NOT in property` he owns outright in his private and sovereign capacity. I` would venture to guess that he doesn’t have a clue that his` riches are being manipulated and controlled by other` sovereign Power structures unknown to him, as are many` otherwise successful individuals. Without sover-eignty, your` riches are worthless tokens of your possibility.

Most Americans have not been paid any real “money ($)” in` their entire life. Consider this seriously. If you haven’t been` paid any real “money,” then how can you “pay” your debts?

You can’t!` Now, do you comprehend why you feel broke (Ø)? You are` poor, broke and starving for freedom. Now, do you` understand why you are “bankrupt (Ø),” along with the rest` of the country? You cannot “pay” debt with a debt-currency,` not ever.

You can only “discharge” debt (which is to delay the` inevitable bankruptcy that awaits you). Wouldn’t you love to` become economically sovereign and financially` independence in law?

 “Neither paper currency nor deposits have value` as commodities. Intrinsically, a ‘dollar (Ø)’ bill is` just a piece of paper (Ø).

Deposits are merely book entries.”

— Modern Money Mechanics Workbook,` Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago (1975) 8`

The right to create money (Ø) substitutes and paper` currency of all kinds is reserved to the people. If you happen` to be a banker, you’ve learned how to monopolize this right` in conjunction with power-hungry governments and keep` others from hoarding in on your cartel.

But We the People also have the unalienable right to work,` to contract, to create our own money substitutes in lieu of` gold and silver if necessary (e.g., local scrips, Cascadia` HOURS, time-dollars, barter/trade), and restore the gold` and silver standard as well. 9`

“By a continuing process of inflation,` government can confiscate,` secretly and unobserved, an important` part of the wealth of their citizens...

— John Maynard Keynes`

Whenever there is an increase of the supply of a money` substitute (Ø) or paper currency in the economy without a` corresponding increase in the gold/silver money ($) reserve,` inflation occurs. Inflation is an invisible form of taxation` that even the most responsible governments inflict on their` Citizens.

FRNs are an inflatable paper system designed to create debt` through inflation (i.e., devaluation of currency). Inflation` destroys your purchasing power over time.

Inflation and unpayable debt transfers power and property` to the sovereign Power structure that has no real interest in` accumulating money substitutes.It’s the tangible assets,` property, land, industrial capability and “real estate” that` represent true wealth in the economy.

Inflation = Invisible Taxation` Over two-thirds of the total productivity of an entire nation` is invisibly taxed through inflation inflicted on people at` every level of the system. It is a conspiracy between the` bankers and the governments to confiscate wealth and` productivity to suit their own agendas and get We the People` to pay the piper.10`

“Every congressman, every senator,` knows precisely what causes inflation...

but can’t [won’t] support the drastic reforms` to stop it [repeal of the Federal Reserve Act of` 1913] because it could cost him his job.”

— Robert A. Heinlein, Expanded Universe 11`

The federal United States government corporation and the` U.S. Congress has NOT ever been authorized by the` Constitution to issue paper currency of any kind, but only to` coin lawful money ($) of substance — gold or silver for the` sovereign states and their respective Citizens.

“Congress had no authority to grant` a private consortium of banks the monopoly` privilege to create the nation’s currency.”

— Boston T. Party 24`

Powers not specifically granted by the Constitution are` strictly forbidden and automatically denied. Today the` Federal Reserve Bank and the international bankers have a` monopoly over legal tender, the issuance of money substitutes` and paper currency in lieu of gold and silver.

They run the largest counterfeiting operation the world has` ever seen, “legally” protected by a renegade U.S. Congress` and now bankrupt U.S. government corporation.

“To provide for the punishment` of counterfeiting the Securities and` current Coin of the United States.”

— Constitution for the usA [1:8:6]`

Their lust is for power and control, not money substitutes.

They have plenty of real “money” already, in fact they` control the world’s gold and silver reserves, and have` created substitutes to patronize and control the masses into` remaining productive economic slaves. Since the inception` of centralized banking in Europe, these bankers have` created wars for profit and controlled the fates of nations.12`

Introducing Debt Currency Circulation`

Every piece of paper currency in circulation was borrowed` into circulation from the Federal Reserve Banking system` with interest.

It is a debt which can never be paid back except with our` sweat, our labors, and ultimately our freedoms.

We the People have unwittingly surrendered our lawful` money system to the international bankers and accepted a` fiat paper currency in lieu of money. This is the fundamental` act which has destroyed our once great nation.

Global Economic Speculation` Because every piece of paper currency in circulation incurs` an escalating debt, the only way you can expand an economy` is by expanding the amount of debt in circulation.

Thus markets soar, currencies devalue, prices rise and` speculation is the rallying cry on Wall Street. We are` running our global economy like a casino-like gambling` operation, and it is headed for collapse. History shall repeat` itself ad nauseum.

“In the seventies, only 20% of all global` investment and trade was speculative by nature,` and 80% was directly related to the exchange of` goods and services. By 1990, those figures had` reversed. In 1993, only 5% of all global` economic transactions were directly related` to the exchange of goods and services.”

— Wilfred Guth of the Deutsche Bank 33`

Inflation is also created with “fractional reserve banking”  and negotiable instruments such as “checks.”

The illusion is presented that there’s a limited supply of` money (Ø) and a significant “reserve (Ø)” must be kept on` hand if a lot of people need cash at once. It simply ain’t so.

The banker’s create fiat paper currency and electronic ledger` entries from thin air. Commercial banks are nothing more` than accounting divisions of the Federal Reserve Banking` system.

Fractional Reserve Banking` Here’s how it works. Assume a “reserve requirement” of` 10%, although it’s actually much lower than that number.

The bank down the street needs to retain 10% (9:1) of your` deposit on hand in case you want it back in paper currency` or “cash.”

When you deposit Ø1,000 in the bank, no sooner does it hit` the cash box than you’ve created a Ø9,000 line of credit (Ø)` that the bank can now loan to the guy in line behind you, OR` invest in anything they desire (stocks, bonds, real estate) at` prevailing rates of interest.

That’s how commercial banks make “money” out of thin air` (not by service charges or bounced check fees). Wouldn’t` you like to be able to create money out of thin air? You’d go` to jail for counterfeiting if you tried. The banks make a` fortune from your ignorance. That’s why commercial banks` compete for your deposits.

The current fractional reserve requirements13 for` commercial banks is 3% (33:1) for net accounts under Ø29.8` million and 0% for accounts of corporations on time` deposits of 1 & 1/2 years or more.

Today, deposit Ø1,000 in the bank and you’ve created an` instant credit line of Ø33,333 for the bank. This is an` extremely profitable business for the banks, even if you` default on the loans and credit cards!` If you bounce a check (Ø), you pay a bounced check fee. If` the banks write a bad check (Ø), they call it a “loan (Ø).” You` exchange one promissory note for another.

Do you still wonder why the banks keep getting richer and` richer? Do you still wonder why all the big buildings` downtown have the name of various commercial banks on` them?

Because We the People haven’t wised up to these basic` economic facts of life.14` In the chart on the opposite page, if banks had actually been` loaning real “money” the total debt would be less than Ø200` billion.

According to the chart, there were over Ø6 trillion of bad` checks in circulation in 1985 which created all this public` and private debt. This debt curve is growing exponentially` today. This is check kiting, fraud, racketeering,` counterfeiting, and a lawful basis for repudiating private,` public and federal debt. Do you understand what a criminal` enterprise the Federal Reserve Bank and their cronies in` government are running?15` The Federal Reserve Bank controls the money supply,` interest rates, and movement (i.e., velocity) of FRN’s has` everybody fooled (except you and me).

They have access to an unlimited supply of FRN’s, paying` only for the printing costs of what they need. Checks and` ledger entries of credits and debits total 95% of all deposits` and transfers. Securities, bonds, mortgages and stocks` compose most of the hard assets that banks presently own.

Money Supply Interest Rates Velocity` The Federal Reserve Bank can increase or decrease the` “reserve” requirements at will. Therefore, a “run on the` bank” could not happen as it did in the past.

They simply print as much paper currency as they need to` retain control. The reason for the reserve requirements at all` is to regulate the greed and larceny of the member banks` and to maintain a certain level of quality in their investment` portfolios.16` FRNs are nothing more than promissory notes for U.S. Treasury securities (Tbills)— a promise to “pay” the debt to` the Federal Reserve Bank (in gold or silver).

Have you ever borrowed money to consolidate debt only to` discover that you became more indebted than before?

You didn’t “pay” the debt but only reorganized for future` discharge. Our financial lives are reduced to managing debt` and making money to service an ever growing liability, both` private and public. This is economic slavery!` “[Every circulating FRN] represents a one dollar debt to the` Federal Reserve System”

There is a fundamental difference between “paying ($)” and` “discharging (Ø)” a debt. To “pay” a debt, you must pay with` value or substance (i.e. gold, silver, barter or a commodity).

With FRNs, you can only “discharge” a debt. You cannot pay` a debt with a debt currency system.

Pay or Discharge Debt?

You cannot service a debt with a currency that has no` backing in value or substance. Also, there is no valid or` lawful contract under the Common law unless it involves an` exchange of “good & valuable consideration (i.e., real` money).”

We are dealing in “counterfeit” currencies issued by a global` cartel. We are bankrupting ourselves and our children into` economic slavery! Wise up America!`

 “There is a distinction between a ‘debt discharged’` and a debt ‘paid.’ When discharged, the debt still` exists though divested of its charter as a legal` obligation during the operation of the discharge,` something of the original vitality of the debt` continues to exist, which may be transferred, even` though the transferee takes it subject to its` disability incident to the discharge.”

— Stanek vs. White,` 172 Minn. 390, 215 N.W. 784`

So how has the system fared?

The net result of the Federal Reserve System is a devalued` dollar (Ø0.20 dollar in 1994 compared to 1964) predicted to` drop to Ø0.03 before the year 2000), hidden inflation that` taxes the future earnings of future generations (53% total tax` rate in 1994), a constant decline in personal income for 12` consecutive years during the Reagan-Bush Administration,` an un-payable federal deficit (Ø4.6 trillion in 1995) and` accelerating exponential debt curve, and the transfer of all` the property and assets of the American people to the` international bankers.18` “The Federal Reserve Debt Note system was` established by Congress under its ‘District’` powers because the Constitution required` a gold or silver standard.”

— International Tax Technologies`

> ECONOMIC SLAVERY— total loss of control over` your financial affairs; working for no reward, no` “money,” no substance, no asset accumulation;` working for a master you cannot see; unknowingly` surrendering your property and assets to public` indebtedness; invisible and undeclared bankruptcies;` are you prepared to be bankrupt at age 62?

National and state constitutions prohibited the issuing of` foreign bills of exchange (i.e., FRN’s), or making anything` but gold or silver a tender in the payment of debts. It was an` important check and balance against the encroachment of` foreign money traders in the republic.

Federal law prohibits creating credit money from nothing,` although it happens every time a bank issues a credit card.

Their total investment is the cost of the stamp and the` plastic. You pay back the principle with interest. So what has` happened? Why do We the People continue to allow this` grand theft to occur, in broad daylight, without taking a` stand for the constitutional republic, and our own sovereign` rights?

“No State shall...make any Thing but gold and` silver Coin a Tender in Payment of Debts...”

— Constitution for the usA [1:10:1]`

Lawful, constitutional and honest United States money is` coined or printed in a redeemable currency by the U.S. Treasury and spent into circulation by the Federal` government.

Lawful money is either gold or silver coins, or currency` backed by gold and silver that has been certified deposited` in the Department of the Treasury and payable to the bearer` on demand (i.e. U.S. Gold Certificates from 1863-1934, U.S. Silver Certificates from 18861963). Federal Reserve Notes` redeemable in lawful money at the Department of the` Treasury Federal Reserve Bank (1934-1963), or United` States Notes spent into circulation by the Federal` government (e.g., JFK’s $2 bill was interest-free).

International Banking Cartel`

The federal United States adhered to its constitutional` imperative, the law and public policy of a strict gold` standard until 1933.

Attempts at recreating a centralized National Bank, similar` to what had been established in Europe, had failed` consistently from the founding of the republic until the` Federal Reserve Act of 1913.

The American people, for the most part, had become quite` wealthy without a centralized National Bank and were hard` to convince they needed one.

Artificially created bank panics (e.g.,1857, 1873, 1893, 1907)` were foisted on the American people to create the` appearance of a problem that would eventually discredit the` existing decentralized banking system, and open the door of` public opinion to support a centralized one.

This was orchestrated by the large, international banking` interests (e.g., J.P. Morgan, Paul Warburg, Rothchilds) who` wanted a central National Bank in America under their` control.

The international bankers wanted to wear down America’s` tolerance towards uncoordinated banking activities and` their reliance on gold-backed, and silver-backed currency so` the federal government would eventually intervene to “save` the day.” Whenever credit expanded too quickly at the` discretion of bankers, beyond the limits of the gold reserves,` interest rates rose sharply, new credit was not available, and` the economy went into a sharp, but short recession.

Governments gave up all attempts to coin or control mon-ey` in the 19th century, not because they were incapable or` incompetent, but mostly because they didn’t trust each other.

International banks orchestrated this mistrust, stepped in-to` this vacuum to solve the problem, and by demonstra-ting` more fiscal responsibility (on the surface) than governments` had, became the economic masters in the modern world.

“Whoever controls the volume of money` in any country is absolute master of` all industry and commerce.”

— James A. Garfield`

“I believe that banking institutions are more` dangerous to our liberties than standing armies.

Already they have raised up a monied aristocracy` that has set the government at defiance.

The issuing power should be taken from the banks` and restored to the people to whom it properly` belongs.”

— Thomas Jefferson`

To maximize their profits and control, the international` bankers needed a scheme that would allow banks to loan` money indefinitely, and without restrictions on the gold or` silver reserves.

Senator Nelson Aldrich (R-RI), under the guise of banking` reform for the money trust, and the National Citizens` League for the Promotion of a Sound Banking System, a` front organization for the international bankers, had every` intention of pawning off a privately controlled central bank` on an unsuspecting America.

They needed a “legal” cartel that would allow them to inflate` the currency and expand the economy indefinitely and reap` all the rewards themselves. Thus they “conspired,” in secret,` to establish the Federal Reserve System in partnership with` the federal government.

This is well documented in G. Edward Griffin’s seminal` work, “Creature from Jekyll Island”.19`

> CONSPIRACY— to breathe together.

So Senator Aldrich, Abraham Andrew, Frank Vanderlein,` Henry Davidson, Charles Worten, Benjamin Strong and` Paul Warburg met at Jekyll Island, a resort island off the` East Coast, to author the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 and` strategize how to get the U.S. Congress to approve it under` the noses of the President and the American people.

These men gathered together represented over one-fourth of` the wealth of the entire world.

“[One of the most important aspects in achieving` communist control is the] centralization of credit in` the hands of the state, by means of a [centralized]` national bank with state capital and an exclusive` monopoly.”

— Karl Marx, The Communist Manifesto`

Federal Reserve Banking System`

The Federal Reserve System is based on the Canon law and` the principles of sovereignty guaranteed in the Constitution` and Bill of Rights.

In fact, the international bankers used a “Canon Law Trust” as their model, adding stock and naming it a “Joint Stock` Trust.”

The U.S. Congress had passed a law making it illegal for any` legal “person” to duplicate a “Joint Stock Trust” in 1873. The` Federal Reserve Act was legislated post-facto (to 1870),` although post-facto laws are strictly forbidden by the` Constitution [1:9:3].

“This [Federal Reserve Act] establishes the most gigantic` trust on earth. When the President [Wilson] signs this bill` the invisible government of the Monetary Power will be` legalized...the worst legislative crime of the ages is` perpetrated by this banking and currency bill.” — ` Congressman Charles A. Lindbergh, Sr. (1913)`

The Federal Reserve System is a sovereign Power structure` separate and distinct from the federal United States` government. The Federal Reserve is a maritime lender and` insurance underwriter to the federal United States operating` exclusively under Admiralty/Maritime law. The lender or` underwriter bears the risks, and the Maritime law` compelling specific performance in paying the interest, or` premiums are the same. Assets of the debtor can also be` hypothecated as security by the lender or underwriter.

The Federal Reserve Act stipulated that the interest on the` debt was to be paid in gold. There was no stipulation in the` Federal Reserve Act for ever paying the principle.

The Federal Reserve Act was never challenged in a court of` competent jurisdiction, which would be Admiralty /` Maritime.

The Federal Reserve System is independent of the U.S. Congress, doesn’t file a tax return or pay any taxes, has` never been audited, is not subject to Title 5, U.S.C., or to the` scrutiny of the General Accounting Office (GAO), nor has it` ever filed statements of assets on any information form for` the government. It is a private “Joint Stock Trust.”

[Editor’s Note: Eric Madsen asserts that it is a corporation.]`

There is nothing “federal” about the Federal Reserve` Banking System as it is not part of the government. There is` nothing on “reserve.” It gives the appearance of a “system”  to distribute power from Wall Street, but in essence the` power is centralized. It is not even a “bank” as they are not` dealing with real “money.”

The stated mission of the Federal Reserve Banking System` was to stabilize banking, but if you analyze their track` record, it has not achieved their stated objectives. I assert it` was never their objective in the first place. It did though,` achieve the cessation of private capital formation in the` hands of We the People and centralized it in the hands of the` international banking cartels.

“Federal Reserve bonds, including the capital stock and` surplus therein and the income there-from, shall be exempt` from federal, state and local taxation, except taxes upon` real estate.” — 12 U.S.C. 531`

The Federal Reserve Act was passed over a Christmas vacation` (December 22, 1913) with ten members in session.

Hardly a quorum by any stretch of the imagination.

The rest of the U.S. Congress was adjourned for the holidays.

Most Americans, the U.S. Congress and the President` had been fooled by a well-orchestrated propaganda and media` campaign into believing that the bankers and the money` trust on Wall Street were opposed to this legislation.

Thus as a knee-jerk reaction and clever manipulation, We` the People walked into a well-designed trap and supported` the Federal Reserve Act despite its lack of quorum. President` Woodrow Wilson signed the act under considerable` pressure and later regretted his act saying. “I am a most unhappy` man, unwittingly I have ruined my country.”20`

 “The [Federal Reserve Act] as it stands seems to` me to open the way to a vast inflation of the` currency... I do not like to think that any law can be` passed that will make it possible to submerge the` gold standard in a flood of irredeemable paper` currency.”

— Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr. (1913)`

Before 1913, most Americans owned their own land,` sovereign “allodial title” to property, free and clear of any` liens, encumbrances or “mortgages.” There weren’t` conventional “mortgages” with banks whereby you’d pay for` a piece of property three-times over the course of thirty` years (another not so subtle property confiscation scheme as` a result of the Federal Reserve Act).

You simply acquired land by assignment with a “Bill of Sale,”  paid for it with gold or silver, updated the land patent or` allodial title and received the true, lawful title and ownership` to land. Property was also NOT registered or recorded via a` “deed.”

Then the Federal Reserve Act (1913) “hypothecated” all` property within the federal United States to the Board of` Governors, or “Trustees” of the Federal Reserve Banking` cartel. In any Trust, the Trustees held legal title and` ownership and have control over the assets on behalf of a` third party (i.e., beneficiaries).

> HYPOTHECATE— to pledge something as a security` without taking possession of it.

“Give me control of a nation’s money` and I care not who makes the laws.”

— Mayer Amschel Bauer`

Under the terms of the Federal Reserve Act, the Federal` Reserve Banking system agreed to extend the federal United` States government all the credit (i.e., money substitute) it` needed to expand the operations of the United States` corporation. Like any other debtor, the federal United States` government had to assign collateral and security to their` creditors as a condition of the loan. Since the federal United` States government didn’t have any significant assets, except` a small modicum of public property, they “hypothecated` (i.e., assigned, transferred)” the private property of their` “economic slaves”, the U.S. citizens, as collateral (i.e.,` security) against the soon to be un-payable federal debt.

The federal United States government, along with their` principals/creditors, needed a contractual nexus to lure` more and more sovereign “state” Citizens into their` jurisdiction, so as to expand the pool of property they could` legally attach and lien.

Manufacturing wars, recessions, depressions, and finally` luring most Americans into the Social Security Act did the` job.

The U.S. government also pledged the unincorporated federal` territories, national parks and forests (e.g., clear-cutting is` simply a policy of debt reduction), birth certificates, forprofit` and non-profit corporations, as collateral as well.

Thus the creation of an income tax to pay the interest on this` debt.

[Editor’s Note: This particular income tax on corporations` was effectively repealed by the Internal Revenue Act of` November 23rd, 1921.]21` “The regional Federal Reserve Banks are not` government agencies. ...but are independent,` privately owned and locally controlled` corporations.”

— Lewis vs. United States, 680 F.2d 1239 (9th Cir. 1982)`

The Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) is a very private foreign` entity held by a cartel of international bankers. The FRB can` sue and be sued in the name of the entity. Each FRB carries` its own liability insurance. Each FRB conducts activities` without any direction from the federal government. Each` FRB pays local property taxes and postage (evidence of` private ownership). Each FRB has listings in the telephone` book, not under government headings.

The beneficial interest of the FRB is held by four foreign` banks and four U.S. banks who are now completely` controlled by international bankers. These banks are:22` 1. Rothschild Bank of London and Berlin (52%)` 2. Lazard Freres Bank of Paris (8%)` 3. Israel Moses Seif Bank of Italy (8%)` 4. Warburg Bank of Hamburg and Amsterdam (8%)` 5. Lehman Brothers Bank of New York (6%)` 6. Kuhn Loeb of New York (6%)` 7. Chase Manhattan/Rockefeller Bank of New York (6%)` 8. Goldman-Sachs (6%)` On May 23, 1933, Congressman, Louis T. McFadden,` brought formal charges against the Board of Governors of` the Federal Reserve Bank system, The Comptroller of the` Currency and the Secretary of United States Treasury for` numerous criminal acts, including but not limited to,` conspiracy, fraud, unlawful conversion, and treason.

The following is a quote from his famous address to` Congress in 1934.

“Mr. Chairman, we have in this Country one of the most` corrupt institutions the world has ever known. I refer to the` Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Banks,` hereinafter called the Fed. The Fed has cheated the` Government of these United States and the people of the` United States out of enough money to pay the Nation's` debt. The depredations and iniquities of the Fed has cost` enough money to pay the National debt several times over.

This evil institution has impoverished and ruined the people` of these United States, has bankrupted itself, and has` practically bankrupted our Government. It has done this` through the defects of the law under which it operates,` through the mis-application of that law by the Fed and` through the corrupt practices of the moneyed vultures who` control it. Some people who think that the Federal Reserve` Banks are United States Government institutions.

They are private monopolies which prey upon the people of` these United States for the benefit of themselves and their` foreign customers; foreign and domestic speculators and` swindlers; and rich and predatory money lender.

In that dark crew of financial pirates there are those who` would cut a man's throat to get a dollar out of his pocket;` there are those who send money into states to buy votes to` control our legislatures; there are those who maintain` international propaganda for the purpose of deceiving us` into granting of new concessions which will permit them to` cover up their past misdeeds and set again in motion their` gigantic train of crime.” 23`

Americans Asleep at the Economic Wheel of` the World’s Largest Republic`

The American people were asleep at the wheel and didn’t` know what was happening behind the scenes, nor did they` comprehend the significance of what had occurred.

From the time of the Civil War until the Federal Reserve Act` many Americans, particularly in the South, had already given` up their sovereignty.

Over the course of the next twenty-five years, American Nationals` OR “state” Citizens from the North would also surrender` their sovereignty and become tenants, residents,` franchisees and U.S. citizens.

They would unwittingly contract into the jurisdiction of the` federal United States government corporation via the Social` Security Act and other adhesion contracts.

Americans surrendered their sovereign “state” Citizenship` by registering themselves voluntarily as “beneficiaries” of` this “Joint Stock Trust” via his/her Birth Certificate (which` is an unrevealed Trust instrument placing you in commerce` with the federal United States). By 1933, the federal United` States government, in collaboration and conspiracy with the` Federal Reserve Banking system and its foreign` principals/creditors, had “hypothecated” all of the present` and future properties, assets, and labor of their newly registered` “subjects”— U.S. citizens.

In 1934, the Federal Reserve Bank confiscated all the gold of` the American people with the assistance of Franklin D. Roosevelt` (FDR).

By 1998, every asset not held “in allodium” has been assigned` and transferred as payment to the international` bankers against the unpayable federal debt.21` Unwittingly, America has returned to its pre-American` Revolution, feudal roots whereby all land and property is` held by a sovereign Power structure (e.g., the international` banks as Sovereign instead of the King of England) and the` common people (i.e., U.S. citizens) have no rights to hold` allodial title or own property outright. Once again, We the` People are reduced to tenants and sharecroppers “renting”  property from a Sovereign in the guise of the Federal` Reserve Bank. We the People have exchanged one master` for another. History repeats itself ad nauseum.

“If Congress has the right [it doesn’t] to issue` paper money [currency], it was given to them` to be used by... [the government] and not to be` delegated to individuals or corporations.”

— President Andrew Jackson,` Vetoed Bank Bill of 1836`

Irrelevant Economic Dialectic`

[Editor’s Note: Thanks to Mark Evans for his research and` wisdom in these matters, especially his research into the` works of Congressman Charles Lindbergh who had a` serious handle on sustainable economics.]`

Since the Bolshevik Revolution, a phony dialectic has` dominated the minds of economists — that of Capitalism` versus Communism.

Nowadays we are still reeling under the presumptions of the` remnants of that false dialectic as the two orthodox schools` of economics — the Keynesian and Monetarist dominate` world finances. Keynes dictates the functions of the World` Bank/IMF while Monetarism rules at the Bank of` International Settlements, the international central bank of` the Group of Ten.

Progressives have missed the point, according to Mark` Evans, writing in Flatland Magazine. The issue that should` have been getting attention all along is “the struggle between` the sovereign right of the people, collectively, to create and` control their own credit, and the paid political hirelings who` have always served the vested interests of the banks and` plutocracy...”

Article 1, Section 8, Clause 5 of the Constitution for the` United States says, "Congress shall have the power to coin` money, and to regulate the value thereof, and also, of foreign` coin," Mr. Evans says this vital clause was never fully put` into effect and Thomas Jefferson also had some regrets` about the matter.

He wrote that his great regret about the Constitution was` that it did not include a clause stating specifically that` Congress had the power specifically to monetize paper.

It was an advantage the colonists enjoyed for a time and` Benjamin Franklin wrote that the Revolution was fought` because the Crown suspended the rights of the colonies to` print colonial scrip.

Mr. Evans says that the much maligned and misunderstood` Congressman Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Sr., (1859-1924)` who based his radical economic theory on the Constitution,` had broken away from the standard economic rhetoric` shaping the world in the early 1900s.

He believes Congressman Lindbergh was probably` approaching a “simultaneously democratic and` constitutional” solution. This is evidenced by the campaign` to suppress his work, according to Evans.

Charles Lindbergh wrote, “The greatest of all the present` social burdens is the excessive interest, dividends and rent` charges levied on us by those who control centralized capital...

the fruits resulting from the people's toil... accumulated by the wealth absorbers who, by the rules of government,` possess the privilege of taxing all the people.” 25`

Exponentially Raising the Debt-Ceiling` The Federal Deficit grows by Ø13,000 every second,` compounded daily. Total debt per capita is Ø13,000 (1990)` compared with $131 debt per capita (1930).

An average of Ø61,000 debt per family (assuming 75 million` families). Interest on the debt alone was Ø1.69 trillion,` which was 21% of total federal outlays (1990).26` The Federal Reserve Bank is holding the federal United` States government, our elected representatives and the` American people hostage through its credit and monetary` policies. Those who control the “buck” control the` government. Did you ever believe it was different?

The temptation for our government to borrow and spend` more and more, raise taxes and exponentially increase the` debt obligation for all Americans, is tantamount to trea-son.

Yet, it goes on and on and We the people stand for it.

The federal United States government has been bankrupt` numerous times since 1933. Yet our elected representatives` cannot even seriously address the issue of balancing the` budget. It is all lip-service.

It is not even possible to balance the budget in an` unsustainable, debt-based economy without eliminating the` cause of debt — the Federal Reserve Banking system. The` only way to expand or grow an economy in a debt-based` economy is to expand and grow the debt.

Economic Growth = Economic Slavery` Each time the U.S. Congress authorizes a budget and raises` the debt ceiling, which is prima facie evidence of the federal` bankruptcy, the Federal Reserve Bank has the authority to` deny credit to the government by simply not buying the` bonds. 27` Prior to the Federal Reserve Act, the federal government had` to sell U.S. bonds to the people to fund the operations of` government. The government also traded one master (the` people) for another (the international bankers).

Now, the Federal Reserve Bank has the power to close the` doors of the federal government at will by denying credit.

That’s a lot of power in the hands of foreign bankers.

“The Federal Reserve System was founded` primarily to serve the special interests of certain` highly organized, politically influential groups within` the banking industry.

The [Seven Member] Board of Governors is` appointed by the President and` confirmed by the Senate, but five of the twelve` members of the Federal Open Market Committee` representing the regional Federal Reserve Banks` dictate our country’s monetary policy and are` controlled by private, commercial banks.

Thus private banks, serving special interests,` control or influence public policy as to the money` that everyone in the United States uses.”

— National Alliance for Constitutional Money`

Unlike the federal government, state governments are` constitutionally required to balance their budgets and accept` no foreign bills of exchange, although they have been failing` to do that for a long time. Remember, today the “States” are` not sovereign nor are they republics.

They are simply subsidiaries or political subdivisions of the` federal corporation and are following in their stead.

\So long as our U.S. government is doing the bidding of the` sovereign Power structures, via the Federal Reserve Bank` and its principles/creditors (i.e., International Monetary` Fund), then the Federal Reserve Bank has been more than` willing to “lend (i.e., create from thin air)” the federal U.S.  government more and more fiat (i.e., fake) “money (Ø).”

Federal Reserve Notes (FRN’s) are a paper currency, a` money substitute, a negotiable instrument, and is` manufactured from ink and paper, or moreso these days it’s` created electronically.

“Money” is nothing more than a incredibly orchestrated lie` and fiction we still believe. How much longer will the fools` borrow themselves into economic slavery? 28`

“Banks lend by creating credit.

They create the means of payment out of nothing.”

— Ralph M. Hawtrey,`

Secretary of the British Treasury`

“When you or I write a check (Ø) there must be` sufficient funds in our account to cover that check,` but when the Federal Reserve writes a check (Ø)` there is no bank deposit on which that check is` drawn.

When the Federal Reserve writes a check, it is` creating money (Ø) [irredeemable currency].”

— Putting It Simply,` Boston Federal Reserve Bank`

Although the Federal Reserve Note (FRN)(Ø), henceforth` referred to as “Ø,” is the keystone of the unsustainable, debtbased` and struggling American economy, few people` understand or even care to understand how it actually` works.

Every FRN or Ø placed into circulation burdens the entire` society with an ever growing mountain of public and private` debt.

Every FRN or Ø borrowed by the federal United States` government MUST be repaid, and can NEVER be repaid to` the Federal Reserve Bank and its foreign principles /` creditors.

FRN’s (Ø) are “unlawful” money under the state (no foreign` bills of exchange) and federal (only gold and silver coin are` money) constitutions. Federal Reserve Notes (FRNs) create` not only debt, but interest and usury that results in` perpetual economic slavery for most of our Citizens.

Debt money systems are the primary instruments through` which property is confiscated for “communistic” purposes.

The political result is the usurpation of free republics, the` erecting of false democracies and the destruction of` sovereignty and basic human rights worldwide.

“The Federal Reserve System pays` the U.S. Treasury Ø20.60 per thousand notes— ` a little over 2 cents each— without regard` to the face value of the note.

Federal Reserve Notes, incidentally, are the only` type of currency now produced for circulation.

They are printed exclusively by the Treasury’s` Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and the` Ø20.60 per thousand price reflects the Bureau’s` full cost of production.

Federal Reserve Notes are printed in 01, 02,` 05, 010, 020, 050 and 0100 denominations only;` notes of 0500, 1000, 5000, and 10,000` denominations were last printed in 1945.”

— Donald J. Winn, Assistant to the Board of` Governors of the Federal Reserve System 30`

Money created from nothing yields inflation. Prices don't go` up, but the value of currency goes down. Inflation is a` hidden tax. Your purchasing power is continually being` reduced. So who acquired your lost purchasing power?

The government (i.e., corporation), commercial banks and` borrowers. So who gets the most value — those who get the` fresh money first.

Here’s how fiat “money” is created from thin air. Congress` needs Ø1 billion for some worthless, pork-barreled project` sponsored by a few high-ranking Senators who want to stay` in office.

Congress authorizes the U.S. Department of the Treasury to` print bills or bonds as a loan to the government. This is` called “monetizing the debt.”

1) the funding starts in U.S. Congress by borrowing U.S. bonds and U.S. Treasury notes.

2) if the U.S. Congress can't borrow enough Treasury` notes, an officer goes to Federal Reserve, who pulls out` a checkbook, writes a “check” from a checkbook for Ø1` billion from an account with nothing in it.

3) U.S. Government puts the “check” into their account` and starts writing “checks” to pay government workers.

4) for example, the U.S. Government writes a “check” to a` postal worker who deposits Ø100 into a check-ing` account in a neighborhood, commercial bank.

5) commercial bank puts the Ø100 into the banks reserve` account and loans out Ø900 to its customers` (fractional reserve banking)` 6) the bank has created the $900 from thin air from the` deposit of $100 OR, Ø1 billion created for the` government yields Ø9 billion for the commercial banks` plus yields interest (on nothing) for the bank and taxes` for the government (i.e., corporation) 31` The Treasury prints Ø1 billion worth of FRNs at the cost of` Ø0.02, each regardless of denomination. The Treasury` walks down the hall to the Federal Reserve Bank and offers` to sell them for Ø0.02 each, regardless of denomination.

The Federal Reserve Bank then walks down the same hall,` writes a check from an empty account for Ø1 billion, and` loans the money back to the federal United States` government at face value plus interest.

The government then writes checks and puts the Ø1 billion` in circulation. Ø’s are created when a loan is made and` interest collected and security or collateral is posted. The` interest is on nothing given, nothing borrowed, nothing` taken except from thin air.

For every FRN or Ø in circulation the federal` debt + interest grows exponentially (e.g.,` estimated at Ø15 trillion including entitlements` and future obligations). We the People have` incurred this federal debt plus interest at rates set` by the Federal Reserve Bank because we’ve been` asleep at the wheel and forgotten who we are.

Remember, We the people are the sovereigns,` NOT the international banks,` NOT the U.S. government!`

Investment Recommendations for Getting Out` of Debt`

1. Make a decision that you’re going to get out of debt` and strive for economic sovereignty and financial independence.

Make a decision that you are willing to reorganize` every aspect of your life, including your business,` job or occupation to achieve this goal. Know that` you are the master over government, and not a slave or` subject. Learn the transitional tools necessary to move` from where you are to where you want to be. Stop` sending your hard-earned funds to a government that` wastes them and uses them for destructive purposes.

2. Engage in free-enterprise activity that is enjoyable and` matches your skills, talents and aspirations. Establish` several non-domestic and foreign entities with offshore` banking to do business.

Begin to move out of the adhesion contracts that have` kept you in bondage with the government.

Generate wealth and prosperity from your hard work` and productivity. Invest your profits directly to` generate more wealth. Take a portion of your surplus` funds and contribute in a socially responsible fashion` in your community.

3. Tear up your credit cards, stop borrowing and purchasing` items you don’t have the funds for.

Discipline yourself to live within your means, and not` on the backs of another’s productivity.

4. Position a portion of your assets (e.g., 50%) safely offshore` in foreign entities, either Trusts, IBC’s or S.A.’s.

Invest a small portion of the debt-based currency in` various national currencies (e.g., Swiss francs). Invest` a larger portion in precious metals (e.g., gold or silver,` rare coins), before any currency exchange is instituted` in the United States and the blocking of the domestic` currency occurs.

5. British Sterling denominated mutual funds are a good` investment. Watch China and the growing giant of an` economic power. They have used gold as a store of value` since the beginning of time and have not changed` their behavior pattern. Buy gold or hard currencies.

To strengthen the U.S. Dollar on foreign markets, the` federal government will have to convert gold at anywhere` from $700 to $20,000 per ounce.

6. Get out of bond portfolios or mutual funds investing in` bonds or derivatives.

Derivatives have been able to absorb the increasing` debt issued by the government, only while the interest` rates were coming down. Now with interest rates on` the rise (5.8% to 7.5%), the derivative markets can no` longer sell these products.

Thus the Fed will have to create massive amounts of` money out of thin air to continue the deficit spending.

This means inflation, which will depreciate the value of` the bonds at an even faster rate, and increase commodity` prices. Placing values on bond portfolios has` become impossible. The trend for stocks is also down.

7. Beware of mutual funds investing in long-term bonds.

Because the Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC)` has no interest in policing the investments of money` fund operators, and the mutual fund companies have` misrepresented their funds by investing in long-term` debt instead of staying in short-term cash instruments,` many have resulted in illiquid portfolios and the recognition` of large losses.

8. Beware of U.S. based foreign currency denominated` bank accounts which are not protected from a currency` devaluation, and also supply feedback to the Fed as to` how fast the pressure is building against the currency` internally. Invest outside the control of the Federal Reserve` and the New World Order central banks.

9. Set up self-reliance on land and property paid for in` full and protected from foreclosures or other sudden` downturns in the economy.

For sovereign “state” Citizens, update your land` patents. Get the titles out of “Your Name” and into` non-domestic or foreign entities.

Provide basic needs for your family, friends and community,` including water, medical, seeds and food storage` for 2 years of austerity measures.

Set-up solar, battery-based radio communications and` other alternative, self-sufficient energy systems before` the collapse of your buying power and the food supply` system.

10. Avoid highly speculative investments or casino-style` gambling.

It’s a corruption of the soul to squander your wealth in` hopeless ventures.

Your chances of getting hit by lightening is five times` greater than winning the lottery.

11. IRA’s can be liquidated early. Author your own redemption` letter. Do not authorize withholding 30%.

Handle yourself at end of the tax year.

Do not withhold 10% penalty for early withdrawal as` funds are being used for a mental illness (do not specify` which one.) Get a signature guarantee (from a broker),` not notarized.

12. Invest in companies such as Stirling Energy Systems` with the exclusive licenses and patents for solar-hydrogen` technology, grid-type systems for producing` 25,000 kW of electricity direct from the sun. These` systems can be hybridized with other fuels and connected` on or off the existing grid. Private issue of stock` available. Begins manufacturing in 1999.

13. Purchase the products and seminars offered by the Institute` for Communications Resources (ICR), an association` of free-enterprisers worldwide committed to` sovereignty education and financial independence for` its members.

Many offshore investments are offered with a vision for an` infrastructure for sovereignty and freedom worldwide.

These include access to gold and silver, rare coins, intra-day` trading in the global markets, leveraging a $1 billion` portfolio to move the markets, private placement of capital` and asset allocation.32`

Notes and Sources`

MONEY`

1. Sourced from Critical Path, by Buckminster Fuller, (St.

Martins Press, New York, pp.73-74).

2. Ibid.

3. Lane v. Railey, 280 Ky. 319, 133 S.W. 2d 74, 79, 81` ("money" does not embrace notes, bonds, evidences of` debt, or other personal or real estate).

4. Sourced from Jeff Ganaposki, Patriot Primer #2,` (Living Word, pp.108); See also What Has the` Government Done to Our Money? by Murray N. Rothbard.

5. Sourced from Goodbye April 15th, by Boston T. Party,` (Javelin Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, p.3/10).

6. Title 12 USCS §411 (federal reserve note is a debt` obligation of the federal United States, not money).

7. U.C.C. 3-104(2)(d) (a note is an instrument that is a` promise to pay other than a certificate of deposit).

8. Sourced from Modern Money Mechanics Workbook of` the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, 1975; Sourced` from Goodbye April 15th, by Boston T. Party, (Javelin` Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, p.3/7).

9. Sourced from Goodbye April 15th, by Boston T. Party,` (Javelin Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, p.3/11).

10. Ibid, p.3/9.

11. Ibid, p.3/2.

12. Ibid, pp.4/3-4/11.

13. January 1985 (fractional reserve requirements).

14. Sourced from Goodbye April 15th, by Boston T. Party,` (Javelin Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, pp.4/3-4/11);` Sourced from Federal Reserve Bulletin, Publication` Services, Federal Reserve Bank, Washington, DC` 20551.

15. Ibid.

16. Ibid.

17. Ibid.

18. Ibid, (current total tax rate).

19. 36. Sourced from Edward G. Griffin, Creature from` Jekyll Island (American Media, 1994) Sourced from` Goodbye April 15th, by Boston T. Party, (Javelin Press,` Austin, Texas, 1992, p.3/16). See also The Secret` Agenda, American Spirit, Feb/March 1995 (on the` Federal Reserve) & The Government Asset Grab by` Harpreet Sandhu, American Spirit, May/June 1994 (on` the scheme to steal the pension funds through remonetization` of the debt); The Historical Fight for` Honest Money in the U.S. by Dr. Martin A. Larson,` American Spirit, Oct/Nov/Jan/Feb, 1994-95 (how the` money system actually works); Fleecing the Sheep by` L.Anton, Perceptions, Fall/Winter 1993 p.6; Debt Virus` by Jacques S. Jaikaran (flaw in the American monetary` system); Historical Look at Money by Muriel E.

Mobley, The Spotlight, September 5, 1994, p.16` (understanding the money trick); Brave New World` Bank published by Global Exchange; The Federal` Reserve System by S.W. Adams; Ever Wonder Why` published by Project '93; The Ultimatum Resolution by` Joseph Stumph.

20. Sourced from Goodbye April 15th, by Boston T. Party,` (Javelin Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, p.3/17).

21. Sourced from Statutes at Large for 1921, p.227]`

22. Kuhn Loeb & Co. got its start by exploiting Indians and` setting up trading posts for the pioneers. Anecdote` about Kuhn & Loeb sourced from Free At Last, by N.A.

Scott, Ph.D., D.D., pp.439 (federal reserve is not part of` the federal government).

23. Sourced from the Internet. See also McFadden’s famous` speech at: fly.hiwaay.net/~becraft/mcfadden.html` 24. Boston T. Party; Sourced from Goodbye April 15th,` (Javelin Press, Austin, Texas, 1992, p.4/2).

25. Sourced from Flatland Magazine.

26. Sourced from World Almanac & Book of Facts, Phanos` Books (1992) p. 139.

27. Public Law 99-177, (Public Debt Limit, Balanced` Budget, and Emergency Debt Control Act of 1985).

28. See also an article published in the National` Geographic magazine, Jan. 1990 entitled the Power of` Money (issues relating to the banking industry and the` fraud therein). 29 First reference sourced from Drifting` Apart: New Findings on Growing Income Disparities` between the Rich, The Poor, and the Middle Class,` Center on Budget & Policy Priorities, July 1990;` Second reference from Associated Press, Pork Barrell` Gets Star Wars Cash, October 1986; Third reference` from Caught in the Middle by Donald L. Bartlett and` James B. Steele, Philadelphia Inquirer, Series of six` articles, November 3-8, 1991.

29. Sourced from a letter from Senator Mark O. Hatfield.

30. Sourced from Edward G. Griffin, Creature from Jekyl` Island, (American Media, 1998).

31. Sourced from Criminal Politics, June 1994, and` American News Service, Winter '95, p.4.

32. Sourced from an article by Noam Chomsky,"Z”  Magazine, May 1995, p.20.